Understanding Falls: Facts and Prevention

What are Falls?

Falls are unexpected events that result in the person coming to rest on the ground or a lower level. They can occur in various environments, such as home, work, or recreational areas, and can affect individuals of all ages, although older adults are at a higher risk.

Facts about Falls

• According to the World Health Organization (WHO), falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths worldwide.
• The probability of falling increases with age, especially for those over 65 years old.
• Every year, an estimated 28-35% of older adults fall, with 30-50% of those experiencing recurrent falls.
• Falls can lead to serious injuries such as fractures, head trauma, or even death, making prevention a crucial public health priority.

Common Causes of Falls

There are numerous factors that can lead to falls, including:

• Environmental Hazards: Poor lighting, uneven surfaces, and obstacles like loose rugs or clutter can contribute to falls.
• Health Conditions: Conditions like arthritis, dizziness, or visual impairments can increase the risk of falling.
• Medications: Certain medications may cause dizziness or drowsiness, leading to an increased chance of falling.
• Physical Limitations: Weakness, balance issues, and lack of mobility also play significant roles in fall risk.

Prevention Strategies

Preventing falls requires a comprehensive approach that includes:

• Regular vision and hearing checks to identify and correct impairments.
• Engaging in strength, balance, and flexibility exercises to enhance stability.
• Ensuring that living spaces are safe, well-lit, and free of clutter.
• Reviewing medications with a healthcare provider to minimize side effects that could lead to falls.
• Using assistive devices like canes or walkers when necessary.